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Specify, import, choose, the essentials

Our guides cover what few document properly: EU compliance and importing a transformer from China. Two free sizing calculators, and a focused set of guides in English, the full library (38 articles) is on the French version.

Amps → kVA

Size from a known current.
693 kVA
≈ 866 kVA
with +25 % headroom
3-ph: kVA = √3 × U × I / 1000  ·  1-ph: kVA = U × I / 1000
Configure this power →

kW → kVA

Size from active power via the power factor.
889 kVA
≈ 1111 kVA
with +25 % headroom
kVA = kW / cos φ  ·  data center 0.85–0.95 · industry 0.70–0.90
Configure this power →

Indicative estimates. The +25 % headroom covers peaks and load growth; final sizing is done against your specification.

Guides, the essentials

How a transformer works

The principle in plain words: induction, turns ratio, why AC.

Online

Core and windings

What sets your two loss families, and the 60 Hz trap.

Online

Step-up vs step-down

One machine, two directions, decisive for renewable injection.

Online

Transformer noise

LwA vs LpA, IEC 60076-10, and the real levers to stay quiet.

Online

HV & transmission (RTE)

Above 50 kV it is a project: framework, tests, exceptional transport.

Online

Specifying a transformer

The full checklist, field by field, with the French defaults.

Online

WEEE

The end-of-life obligation importers forget, from unit one.

Online

Buying far-made, safely

Customs vs compliance, EORI, anti-dumping, Incoterms, who is liable.

Online

Grid connection in France

The Enedis path step by step, and the two schedules to run in parallel.

Online

NF C 13-100

The French delivery substation: scope, contents, the 13-200 boundary.

Online

IEC vs ANSI

50 vs 60 Hz, voltages, tests: why the frameworks are not interchangeable.

Online

Public buildings & hospitals

F1 · E2 · C2, why cast resin wins indoors, hospital redundancy.

Online

Bushings

Porcelain vs plug-in, why they fail, and why they are repairable.

Online

Price factors

What really moves a quotation: kVA, copper, losses, options, logistics.

Online

Testing & quality control

The high-voltage laboratory, routine tests and our hold points.

Online

Factory & witness tests

Routine, type and special tests, FAT, and third-party witnessing.

Online

Common failures

Heat, harmonics, moisture, and the watchdogs that see faults coming.

Online

kVA vs kW

Power factor explained, with a worked example and the fixes.

Online

Compact substation

The prefabricated cabin: what it is, what it contains, why Europe uses it.

Online

Transformer types

Oil-immersed vs dry-type, distribution vs power, unit vs substation.

Online

Mineral oil or ester

Fire point, environment, cost: choosing the dielectric fluid.

Online

Cooling modes

ONAN, ONAF, AN/AF decoded, and two ratings in one machine.

Online

Vector groups & Dyn11

Reading D, y, n and the clock number; why Dyn11 is the default.

Online

Replacing a transformer

Like-for-like or uprated, nameplate survey, outage planning.

Online

Choosing a transformer

The complete 11-step method, from kVA to compliance.

Online

K-factor & harmonics

Why transformers overheat on IT loads, and how to size for it.

Online

Installing a transformer

Civil works, ventilation, earthing, commissioning checks.

Online

Data center transformers

K-13, redundancy at half load, F1 fire class, DCIM supervision.

Online

Solar plant transformers

Inverter voltages, dual secondary, cyclic loading, grid connection.

Online

Transformer lead times

Why 6–12 months is common, and how we deliver in 15–18 weeks.

Online

SF6-free MV switchgear: the F-gas rules

What Regulation (EU) 2024/573 changes, the phase-out dates, and what replaces SF6.

Online

Tier 2 explained (Reg. 548/2014)

Why so many cheap transformers don't clear EU customs.

Online

CE marking of an imported transformer

Technical file, EU Declaration, manufacturer responsibility.

Online

Sizing a transformer (kVA)

kVA vs kW, power factor, headroom, with worked examples.

Online
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